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Urinary Concentration and Dilution
 (Vol 31/No. 3. On-line test expires: 06/20/2006)
To receive continuing education credit, you must read the information in this article and take an on-line post test and fill out an on-line program evaluation form. The certificate will then be generated for you as a .pdf file which you can print out locally on your computer.

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  AUTHOR
David Guthrie, MN, ARNP
 David Guthrie, MN, ARNP, is Doctoral Student, University of Florida College of Nursing, Gainesville, FL
Carolyn Yucha, PhD, RN		 Carolyn Yucha, PhD, RN, is Professor and Dean, University of Nevada at Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV.
  OUTLINE

Water constitutes approximately 60% of the healthy adult human body. Water balance in the body is regulated by the kidneys, which excrete either concentrated or dilute urine in accordance with physiological needs. This article describes the mechanisms by which the kidneys vary water excretion independent of excretion of other physiological important substrates such as sodium, potassium, hydrogen, and urea. These mechanisms involve the loops of Henle, the distal tubules, the collecting ducts, and the vasa recta, and are under the control of vasopressin (antidiuretic hormone).
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  CE RELATED INFORMATION
This offering for 1.5 contact hours is being provided by the American Nephrology Nurses’ Association (ANNA), which is accredited as a provider and approver of continuing education in nursing by the American Nurses’ Credentialing Center-Commission on Accreditation (ANCCCOA). This educational activity is approved by most states and specialty organizations that recognize the ANCC-COA accreditation process. ANNA is an approved provider of continuing education in nursing by the California Board of Registered Nursing, BRN Provider No. 00910.

  EDUCATIONAL OBJECTIVES

Goal:
To discuss the role of the kidney in urinary concentration and dilution.

 Objectives:
1. Describe the process by which a concentrated urine is formed.
2. Explain the process by which a dilute urine is formed.
3. Discuss the mechanism by which vasopressin increases the water permeability of the collecting tubule.

AUTHOR DISCLOSURE STATEMENT
David Guthrie has no conflicts of interest to disclose.
Carolyn Yucha has no conflicts of interest to disclose.



 ANNA and HDCN CE POLICY STATEMENTS

The CE policy and disclosure statements of the American Nephrology Nurses' Association are given in detail on the Symposium Home Page. The CE policy statements of HDCN are listed on this page.