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The Controversy Over Sodium Modeling: Should We Use It or Not?
(Vol 33/No. 5. On-line test expires: 10/20/2008)
To receive continuing education credit, you must read the information in this article and take an on-line post test and fill out an on-line program evaluation form. The certificate will then be generated for you as a .pdf file which you can print out locally on your computer.

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  DOWNLOAD TEST ARTICLE
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  AUTHOR
Michael R. Henning, BSN, RN
Michael R. Henning, BSN, RN, is Nurse Practitioner Student, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA. Prior to starting as a Nurse Practitioner Student, Mr. Henning worked at Gambro Healthcare in Charlottesville, VA. He practiced in both chronic and acute settings in hemodialysis, peritoneal dialysis, and apheresis. He is a member of the Central Virginia Chapter of ANNA. The author has no conflict of interest to disclose.
  OUTLINE

This exploratory-descriptive study identifies dimensions of self-management demonstrated by patients with end stage renal disease (ESRD) who have been successfully treated with peritoneal dialysis (PD) for more than 4 years (range = 4.1 to 13.1 years, mean=7.5 years). After IRB review, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 18 individuals, 10 male and 8 female; 11 Caucasian, 6 African-American, and 1 Hispanic. Respondents ranged in age from 33 to 86 years (mean = 54.4 years). Interviews were audio-recorded and verbatim transcriptions were analyzed according to a content analytic procedure, with movement from specific to general. Two broad domains of self-management were identified: autonomy/control in health care and normality in everyday life. Autonomy/control was comprised of three specific dimensions: partnership in care, self-care, and self-care self-efficacy. Normality in everyday life included the dimensions of flexibility/freedom, interpretation of illness severity, and perception of body image. Although the small sample size and methodology limit generalizability, insights into the lived self- management experience on PD were identified. Such insights lay the groundwork for development of interventions to facilitate informed decision-making regarding dialysis modality, to teach tactics for effective self-management on PD, and to help health care professionals to support the self-management efforts of patients on PD.

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  CE RELATED INFORMATION
This offering for 1.4 contact hours is being provided by the American Nephrology Nurses’ Association (ANNA), which is accredited as a provider and approver of continuing education in nursing by the American Nurses’ Credentialing Center-Commission on Accreditation (ANCCCOA). This educational activity is approved by most states and specialty organizations that recognize the ANCC-COA accreditation process. ANNA is an approved provider of continuing education in nursing by the California Board of Registered Nursing, BRN Provider No. 00910; and the Kansas State Board of Nursing, Provider No. LT0148-0738. This offering is accepted for RN and LPN relicensure in Kansas

  EDUCATIONAL OBJECTIVES

Goal:
To share information about the debate surrounding sodium modeling in dialysis.

Objectives:
1. Describe the role of sodium in dialysis.
2. Outline the controversy present today related to sodium modeling in dialysis.
3. Compare and contrast the issues that concern people on both sides of the debate regarding sodium modeling.


AUTHOR DISCLOSURE STATEMENT
Michael R. Henning has no conflicts of interest to disclose.

 ANNA and HDCN CE POLICY STATEMENTS

The CE policy and disclosure statements of the American Nephrology Nurses' Association are given in detail on the Symposium Home Page. The CE policy statements of HDCN are listed on this page.