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Patricia B. McCarley

Patricia B. McCarley, MSN, RN, NP, CNN, is a Nurse Practitioner, Diablo Nephrology Medical Group, Walnut Creek, CA. She is a member of the NNJ Editorial Board and ANNA’s Northern California Chapter. Also, she has disclosed that she is on the Speaker Bureau of Amgen, Inc. and a recipient of unrestricted educational grants from Amgen, Inc., Ortho-Biotech, and Roche.

Patricia B. Salai

Patricia B. Salai, MSN, RN, CRNP, CNN, is Nephrology Nurse Practitioner, Veterans Affairs Pittsburgh Healthcare System, Pittsburgh, PA. She is a member of ANNA’s Three Rivers Chapter. Also, she has reported no actual or potential conflict of interest in relation to this continuing nursing education article.

This is the third in a series of three articles examining cardiovascular disease (CVD) in the patient with chronic kidney disease (CKD). CVD is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with CKD, including those in the early stages. Early diagnosis of CKD and recognition of both traditional and nontraditional renal-related CVD risk factors are vital in improving outcomes for this population. Care of the patient with CKD should center on reduction of both types of risk factors for CVD. The ANNA Nephrology Nursing Standards of Practice and Guidelines for Care provide the basis for planning and providing care for patients with CKD and for reducing the risk of CVD in this patient population.