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Please mark and submit
your answers on the Post-Test / Evaluation Form
. After reviewing the webposting carefully, indicate your answers to the
quiz questions on the answer sheet. There is only one correct answer for
each question. Circle the letter on the answer sheet representing the
best answer to each question.
A statement of credit will be mailed within 6 to 8 weeks after receipt
of the Evaluation Form. Participants completing this activity prior to
December 31, 2002 may receive up to 2 hours of continuing medical education
credit.
1. During hemodialysis treatment, what is the percentage of patients
who experience an abrupt decline in blood pressure?
a. 5% to 20%
b. 25% to 40%
c. 10% to 30%
d. 35% to 50%
2. Which of the
following is NOT a compensatory mechanism that occurs during dialysis:
a. Peripheral resistance
b. Arteriolar resistance
c. Refilling
d. Cardiac changes
3. The optimal
dialysate temperature to minimize hypotension without unpleasant side
effects is:
a. 36°C
b. 35.4°C
c. 34.8°C
d. Optimal dialysate temperature varies widely among patients.
4. Which of the
following is not an effective means of reducing intradialytic hypotension
(IDH):
a. Increasing dry weight
b. Increasing dialysate sodium
c. Increasing dialysate calcium
d. Decreasing dialysate temperature
5. The reduction
in plasma volume during dialysis with ultrafiltration is accentuated by
all of the following except:
a. A low dialysate sodium
b. A contracted interstitial fluid space
c. A decrease in treatment time
d. Impaired cardiac contractility
6. Another intervention
that reduces the frequency of IDH is:
a. Prohibiting food ingestion during dialysis
b. Using a biocompatible dialysis membrane
c. Lowering dialyzer blood flow rate
d. Decreasing the dry (target) body weight
7. Which of the
following statements is NOT true regarding IDH:
a. A 1°C difference in dialysate temperature can influence intradialytic BP significantly.
b. Antihypertensive agents uniformly exacerbate IDH.
c. An increase in dialysate calcium has never been reported to decrease
the frequency of symptomatic IDH.
d. Poor cardiac reserve is associated with IDH.
8. Which effect
of ephedrine is most hazardous in hemodialysis patients with IDH?
a. Tachyphylaxis with chronic dosing
b. Crossing the blood-brain barrier with central nervous system stimulation
c. Stimulation of the heart with indirect actions to promote catecholamine
release
d. Rebound sinus congestion on nondialysis days
9. What is the
purported mechanism of action of sertraline in the treatment of patients
with IDH?
a. Blunt the withdrawal of sympathetic activity associated with serotonin
surges
b. Direct stimulation of alpha receptors to induce vasoconstriction
c. Indirect release of endogenous catecholamines
d. Increase in cardiac contractility to increase cardiac output
10. Midodrine is
a selective alpha-1 adrenergic agonist with all of the following characteristics
except:
a. Excellent bioavailability with oral administration
b. In the systemic circulation, selective alpha-1 adrenergic activitiy
is mediated by midodrine
c. This agent raises blood pressure through the reduction in venous
pooling (venoconstriction), as well arteriolar vasoconstriction
d. It has no direct cardiac effects