Am Soc Nephrol --Sep: 1996

Selected Abstracts



Hypertension

Preadolescent and adolescent

h Impact of ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) on management of hypertension in children

Endothelium, Nitric Oxide

h A novel mechanism for the pathogenesis of hypertension

Fetal origins, birth weight

h Birth weight, childhood growth, and adult blood pressure in African Americans

Genetics

h Construction of a physical map and additional phenotyping in autosomal dominant hypertension and brachydactyly, which maps to chromosome 12

Hormonal aberrations

h Prospective molecular genetic diagnosis of apparent mineralocorticoid excess and Liddle's syndrome
h Acute infusion of non-hypercalcemic doses of PTH causes blood pressure elevation

Kidney in hypertension

h Effects of captopril and diltiazem on proteinuria: A crossover double-blind study
h Verapamil is not as effective as ACE inhibition in the reduction of non-diabetic proteinuria
h Routine treatment of insulin dependent diabetic (IDDM) paients with angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors to prevent renal failure: an economic evaluation
h Long term impact of lisinopril and atenolol on kidney function in NIDDM patients with diabetic nephropathy
h Is ACE inhibition superior to conventional antihypertensive therapy in retarding progression in non-diabetic renal disease?
h Renal hemodynamic and antiproteinuric response to an ACE inhibitor (trandolapril) or calcium antagonist (verapamil) alone or in fixed dose combination in patients with diabetic nephropathy

Sympathetic nervous system

h Direct evidence for suppression of sympathetic activity in chronic renal failure by enalapril

Renovascular hypertension

h Surgical reversal of renal artery stenosis retards progression of chronic renal insufficiency
h Long term follow up of asymptomatic renal vascular disease
h Accuracy of captopril renal scans in clinical practice: impact of spectrum bias
h Aspirin radionuclide test in renovascular hypertension
h Resistive index and improvement of renal function after correction of renal artery stenosis

ACE inhibitors

h Effects of ACE inhibitors on the progression of non-diabetic renal disease

Acute hypertensive crisis

h Functional autoantibodies against angiotensin II receptor subtype 1 (AT1) in patients with malignant hypertension

Dialysis, Chronic Renal Failure

Vascular Access: graft/fistula

d Dialyzer venous drip chamber accurately reflects intra-access pressure
d Comparison of two measures for prospective identification of venous stenoses in high risk PTFE grafts
d Correlation of weekly access blood flow rate and access stenosis and clotting in-line HCT techinique (ILH)
d Validation of a revised slow/stop flow recirculation method
d Vascular access blood flow rates measured from increases in hematocrit when applying ultrafiltration
d A comparison of methods for the measurement of access recirculation and access flow
d Predictive measures of vascular access thrombosis
d Surgical thrombectomy and revision improves survival of hemodialysis vascular access
d Early use of arteriovenous fistula in hemodialysis patients does not necessarily mean early failure of the fistula
d Vascular access thrombosis and antiphospholipids in hemodialysis patients
d Pulmonary embolism after declotting of thrombosed catheters
d Clotting frequency of hemodialysis accesses before and after systemic anticoagulation with coumadin
d Anti-cardiolipin antibody in hemodialysis patients: a prospective study
d Role of routine back-up vascular access (BUVA) in patients receiving CAPD

(Intermittent) dialysis for ARF

d Cellulose diacetate does as well as polysulfone for the treatment of acute renal failure in the intensive care unit
d Continuous versus intermittent dialysis for acute renal failure in the ICU: results from a randomized multicenter trial

Vascular Access: venous

d Cuffed central venous hemodialysis catheters and adequacy of dialysis
d Are routine chest x-rays required post placement of acute hemodialysis internal jugular access?
d The value of ultrasonography in the placement of hemodialysis access
d Outcome of 242 consecutive right tunneled right internal jugular hemodialysis catheters placed by interventional radiologists
d Randomized study of silver coating (Silvergard) for prevention of infection in tunneled hemodialysis catheters

Dialyzers

d Elimination of beta-2 microglobulin, AGE beta-2 microglobulin, and AGE peptides from serum of ESRD patients during dialysis
d Lack of association between dialysis membrane biocompatibility and bacteremia in chronic hemodialysis patients. Multicenter prospective study

Complications (acute)

d Dialysate temperature is not the sole determinant of extracorporeal blood cooling during hemodialysis
d Dialysate magnesium concentration predicts the occurrence of intradialytic hypotension
d Central blood volume: a new criterion for predicting morbid events during hemodialysis
d Low-sodium dialysis without fluid removal improves BP control in chronic hemodialysis patients
d Ramped sodium dialysis versus combined ramped sodium and ramped ultrafiltration dialysis compared to standard sodium dialysis

Adequacy, prescription, urea kinetics

d Estimation of double pool volume from single-pool urea distribution volume
d Modeled/anthropometric volume ratios: Effects of race, age, and different formulas
d Effect of ultrafiltration on peripheral urea sequestration in hemodialysis patients

Physiology

d Urea concentration gradient between muscle interstitium and plasma develops during dialysis

Reuse, theory and practice

d Reuse associated mortality: 1989-1990 vs. 1991-1993
d Characterization of low and high flux dialyzers with reuse in the HEMO study: Interim Report

Cardiovascular/Hypertension

d Hyperhomocysteinemia is associated with arterial occlusive accidents in predialysis chronic renal failure patients
d A national comparison of PTCA vs. CAB in chronic dialysis patients
d UVB irradiation reduces cardiac risk in hemodialysis patients
d Blood pressure control prevents left ventricular hypertrophy and reduces cardiovascular mortality in long-term hemodialysis patients

GI/Liver, Hepatitis

d A controlled trial of interferon alfa 2b in hemodialysis patients with chronic hepatitis C

CRF in Women

d Estrogen replacement therapy for cardiovascular risk in postmenopausal women with ESRD
d Menstruation, sexual activity, and contraception in women on dialysis

Joint disease, beta-2 microglobulin

d Magnetic resonance imaging findings in shoulders of long-term hemodialysis patients

Neurological

d Predictors of mortality in ESRD patients with sleep disorders
d Malnutrition and neuropathy in non-diabetic CAPD patients

Anemia/Erythropoietin/Iron

d Ferric gluconate (Ferrlecit) is safe and effective in hemodialysis patients: North American trial
d Ferric gluconate (Ferrlecit) is safe in hemodialysis patients who react to iron dextran
d Assessment of response to IV iron in hemodialysis patients receiving recombinant erythropoietin
d Lipoprotein reduction in dialysis patients after androgen therapy
d Is subcutaneous erythropoietin administered once a week for stable hemodialysis patients sufficient? Results from a Swedish multicenter trial
d Iron use among erythropoietin-treated US hemodialysis patients
d Safety of intravenous injection of iron saccharate in hemodialysis patients

Bone disease/aluminum

d Efficacy of intermittent 1-alpha-(OH)-Vitamin D2 in suppressing secondary hyperparathyroidism in hemodialysis patients
d Description of a distinct variant of calciphylaxis
d Hormonal responses to oral phosphorus supplementation in predialysis patients with low levels of PTH or adynamic bone disease
d Effect of serum phosphorus on PTH secretion in hemodialysis patients
d UVB irradiation stops loss of bone mass in hemodialysis patients
d A calcium receptor antagonist acutely suppresses parathyroid hormone in dialysis patients
d A new intensive and safer protocol for percutaneous ethanol injection therapy for severe parathyroid hyperplasia
d Relationship between magnesium and intact PTH concentration in patients on hemodialysis
d Is PTH gene expression increased in renal failure?
d A rapid increase of serum phosphorus directly raises serum parathyroid hormone in patients with chronic renal failure

CRF and diabetes

d Utility of HbA1C in patients with insulin requiring diabetes mellitus (IRDM) & end stage renal disease

Infections (other than hepatitis, peritonitis)

d Long survival of chronically dialyzed patients with HIV disease

CRF in infants and children

d Response to growth hormone related to dialysis efficiency in dialyzed children
d Dietary intake does not improve with increased Kt/V in chronic pediatric PD patients
d Body water determination in children with ESRD

Nutrition

d Effects of recombinant human growth hormone on muscle protein turnover in malnourished hemodialysis patients
d Correction of metabolic acidosis and its effect on nutrition in hemodialysis patients
d The influence of peritoneal dialysis on nutritional status
d Toxicity of megestrol in malnourished chronic dialysis patients
d Effects of chromium supplementation in hemodialysis patients
d Concordant elevations in plasma homocysteine, fibrinogen, and lipoprotein(a) in dialysis patients
d C reactive protein and serum amyloid A levels predict serum albumin levels in hemodialysis patients
d Treatment of hyperhomocysteinemia in chronic dialysis patients with folic acid and betaine
d Resting metabolic rate in patients undergoing CAPD
d Is interdialytic weight gain a nutritional parameter?

Outcomes (Morbidity, Mortality)

d Serum intact parathyroid hormone is a new independent predictor of mortality in dialysis patients
d Predictive value of inflammatory markers in hemodialysis
d Compliance with dialysis prescription, social support, quality of life, and decreased depression are associated with enhanced survival in inner city hemodialysis patients

PD catheters

d Peritoneoscopic versus surgical placement of Tenckhoff catheters: a prospective study on outcome
d Risk factors for CAPD catheter loss following percutaneous placement
d Simultaneous peritoneal catheter removal and insertion without interruption of PD

PET testing

d Long-term improvement in ultrafiltration in CCPD patients using icodextrin for the long daytime dwell
d A re-evaluation of PET determined patient solute transport group classifications

Chronic PD regimens, adequacy, modeling

d Compliance in CAPD and CCPD patients
d High creatinine excretion ratio is a good, rather than a bad, prognostic indicator in peritoneal dialysis patients

Progression

d Oral sorbent suppressed progression of renal failure and production of indoxyl sulfate in undialyzed uremic patients
d ACE gene polymorphism does not determine short term renal response to ACE inhibition in proteinuric patients
d Is the polymorphism of the endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) gene a predictor for progression of chronic renal diseases?

Diabetes

d Screening for incipient diabetic nephropathy in the era of primary care

Clinical Nephrology

Other drug-associated ARF

c Ketorolac: the risk of acute renal failure

Acute glomerulonephritis/RPGN

c Prognostic factors in anti-myeloperoxidase associated glomerulonephritis

Pyelonephritis

c Acute renal failure due toacute pyelonephritis: a reppraisal

Rhabdomyolysis

c Prophylaxis of acute renal failure in patients with rhabdomyolysis

Creatinine clearance

c Race influences creatinine production in men with renal insufficiency
c Impact of dietary protein source on serum creatinine concentration as determined by a specific enzyme assay
c Is it worth indexing GFR to body surface area?

Urinary protein/albumin

c Total urinary protein: dogma challenged

Hypernatremia

c A new formula that facilitates the treatment of hyponatremia and hypernatremia
c Metabolic consequences of hypernatremia in rats

Pathogenesis, complications, RVT

c Clinical spectrum of presumed idiopathic nephrotic syndrome (NS)

Treatment (CEI, indomethacin, lipid drugs)

c Can nephrotic patients achieve nitrogen balance on a low-protein diet?
c Protein a immunoadsorbtion (IA) reduces proteinuria in nephrotic syndrome (NS) of various aetiologies despite albumin loss correction

Metabolic acidosis

c Defective renin-angiotensin system in a subset of type 4 RTA with prominent medial hypertrophy of renal vasculature and interstitial changes in infancy

Hypokalemia

c The molecular basis of inherited hypokalemic alkalosis: Bartter's and Gitelman's syndromes

Renal biopsy techniques, tips, complications

c How much tissue is needed for accurate diagnosis with renal biopsies

Diagnostic approach to proteinuria

c Fixed and reproducible orthostatic proteinuria: A 35-year follow-up study

Mechanisms of renal injury

c Fatty acids on albumin cause injurious effects in protein overload proteinuria

NSAIDs and other drug-induced

c Human genotypic polymorphisms and susceptibility to hydrocarbon (HC)- assocaited glomerulonephritis
c Occupational hydrocarbon exposure and nephrotoxicity

Focal, collapsing GN

c Collapsing glomerulopathy (CG) in renal transplant patients: recurrence and de novo occurrence

IgA Nephropathy

c Sodium-dependency of urinary protein excretion is a functional parameter for intrarenal angiotensin and predictor of renoprotective effect of ACE inhibition in IgA nephropathy patients
c Fish oil for IGA nephropathy: efficacy and interstudy variability

Hereditary hematuria/proteinuria

c Molecular diagnosis: a substitute for renal biopsy in nephronophthisis
c Recurrent corneal erosion associated with Alport syndrome

Henoch-Schoenlein Purpura

c Response of crescentic Henoch-Schoenlein purpura nephritis (HSP GN) to corticosteroid and azathioprine (AZA) therapy
c Treatment of children with severe Henoch-Schonlein purpura related nephrotic syndrome with oral cyclophosphamide induces remission of nephrotic syndrome

Nephrotic syndrome in children

c Low versus standard dosage of prednisolone for initial treatment of idiopathic nephrotic syndrome in children

Lupus nephritis

c Renal disease in anti-phospholipid antibody syndrome (APLS)
c Associatino of anticardiolipin antibody with the presence of intraglomerular thrombi and renal dysfunction in lupus nephritisi

Membranous GN

c Randomized trial fo pulse cyclophosphamide and prednisone vs. prednisonealone in idiopathic membranous nepropathy

Vasculitis (Wegener's PAN, etc.)

c Predicting renal outcome in systemic vasculitis from the kidney biopsy: a clinicopathologic study of 157 patients

Renal Stones: Treatment

c A controlled, long-term study on the effect of alendronate in idiopathic hypercalcuria

Transplantation

c Randomised prospective study demonstrating prevention of bone loss by pamidronate during the first year after renal transplantation


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